Perception of air quality in a metropolis in Northeastern Brazil as a basis for risk communication
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/dma.v67i.99281Keywords:
urban environment, society, information, air pollutionAbstract
Air pollution has been investigated using various methods, particularly in developing countries, which still lack robust air quality monitoring systems. In these regions, perception surveys have been employed as an initial approach. This study aimed to analyze the perception of air pollution among the population of a Brazilian metropolis to support risk communication. The study assessed local perceptions, identifying possible correlations between socioeconomic profile and the beliefs of the respondents. A quantitative study was conducted based on a sample survey of 437 people in the city of Recife. The interviews were conducted in person, and the data were stored on the ArcGIS Survey123 platform, later being used for statistical analysis. Perception data were also compared with air quality monitoring data from nine low-cost stations. The majority of the population (57%) had never heard of or received information on the topic. This finding is correlated with educational attainment (p = 0.041). Individuals who reported cardiovascular or respiratory health problems did not demonstrate greater knowledge on the subject. The main sources of pollution mentioned were transportation and dust; however, lower-income individuals cited the burning of biomass and waste as the primary sources. Perceptions of air pollution in the city vary according to income, education level, occupation, and the degree of information on the topic. In general, residents’ beliefs align with the monitoring data observed during the period. This study purposed to provide information for decision-makers who do not yet have access to perception assessments and/or air pollution monitoring, thereby contributing to the development of risk communication policies and prevention alerts.
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