Spatial distribution of the population and land use and cover change in the Amazon: A case study in the Lower Rio Negro Mosaic (MBRN)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/dma.v68i.101689Keywords:
Amazon, Protected Areas, Forest Cover, Forest fragmentation, population and environmentAbstract
We examined the changes in land use and forest cover within the Lower Rio Negro Mosaic (MBRN), an area in the Amazon Basin with well-preserved forest cover. We aim to contribute to discussions on the impact of the spatial distribution of the population on forest cover in protected areas using an interdisciplinary theoretical approach. Using
a Geographic Information System (GIS), we integrated secondary data on land cover and deforestation from 1990 and 2021 with population data from a set of 81,950 cells covering 1 km², and we analyzed the results based on field experience. The results showed a reduction of 18,000 ha in forest cover and a 2.8% increase in forest fragments, mainly those below 100 ha. Cells with no population exhibited the highest percentage of forest cover. Although cells with human populations had lower forest cover, we observed signs of regeneration, such as the emergence of new fragments and an increase in forest cover, suggesting spatial associations between population presence and both forest regeneration and conservation dynamics. Our findings revealed the various interactions between fragmentation, regeneration, and deforestation of forest cover in populated and non-populated cells, with regeneration processes recently showing a predominance. These results indicate that the Lower Rio Negro Mosaic fulfills its purpose as a protected area in line with international conventions and Brazilian environmental law.
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