Ecosystem Basis for Artisanal Fishing: Case Study in the Low Estuary of the Patos Lagoon (BELP), RS, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/dma.v44i0.55001Keywords:
ecosystemic basis, ecosystem services, Low Estuary of Lagoa dos Patos, artisanal fishingAbstract
The present work characterized the ecosystem base that subsidizes the artisanal fishing activity in the Low Estuary of Lagoa dos Patos (BELP, in Portuguese) utilizing the mullet fishery (Mugil liza) as a representative one. Ten (10) dominant ecosystems have been identified supporting the fish activity in different ways: Salt Marshes; Submerged Aquatic Vegetation; Shallow Waters; Intertidal Plans; Intermediate Zones; Estuarine Beaches; Drainage Canals; Canals; Jetties and Adjacent Marine Systems. In the analysis of the services generated by these ecosystems, according to their classification - support, provision, regulation and culture - some are directly linked to artisanal fishing, mainly Support services (Area of refuge, Nursery, Base for biodiversity, Nutrients Cycling; Space for fishing; Navigability; Ecological corridor; Boat Anchor sites; Space for occupation) and Provision (Production of biomass; Natural fibers). To understand the main flows and processes covered by ecosystem services and their interrelationships with the different environmental and socioeconomic components of the fishing activity, two conceptual energy models were made. The first one for the BELP, to understand the general functioning of the estuary and the set of components and processes that are connected and subsidize the fishing subsystem, and the second – with a greater level of detail – to present the different aspects of the fishing activity and the production (and generation) of the ecosystem services that directly act in the maintenance of the artisanal fishing of the mullet in this area. This analysis makes possible and promotes the integrated information base of the artisanal fishing system in the estuary, considering its ecological, economic and social aspects. It is expected that the produced results will serve as subsidies for an ecosystem-based management of artisanal fisheries, taking into account the different uses and benefits of the ecosystems in the BELP. In the same way, it proposes a procedure analysis with the potential to be applied in estuarine environments with corresponding fishing activities.
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