GEOGRAFIAS CULTURAIS DO MAIS-QUE-HUMANO? TENDÊNCIAS E PROSPECTOS TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICOS PARA VIVER NO ANTROPOCENO
Resumo
As tensões e contradições da crise ambiental no Antropoceno têm desafiado as metodologias e práticas tradicionais das ciências humanas. No caso da Geografia cultural, as pesquisas que intentam investigar elementos a ela conectada têm recorrido à procedimentos interdisciplinares que visam decifrar mundos mais-que-humanos. Inspiradas em teorias não-representacionais, eco-fenomenologias, pós-fenomenologias e eco-feminismos, elas buscam decifrar as reciprocidades, tensões e possibilidades dos lugares e espacialidades partilhados entre entidades humanas e não-humanas. Objetiva-se, portanto, desvelar as distintas possibilidades e tendências teórico e metodológicas das geografias culturais contemporâneas em sua interpretação de cosmos e mundos mais-que-humanos, com foco nas perspectivas anglo-saxãs. Para isso, empregou-se revisão bibliográfica e análise teórico-conceitual. Introduzidos à Geografia no início do século XXI, essas teorias colaboram no desenvolvimento de pesquisas que transcendem ao dualismo cartesiano e excepcionalismo humano. As influências filosóficas desses estudos revelam modos de ser-com e pensar-com seres não-humanos, como plantas, animais e objetos. Ao abordar os arranjos polifônicos desses variados seres, essas geografias têm demonstrado como atmosferas, animais e pessoas estão entrelaçados nas experiências espaciais. Metodologias experimentais, artísticas, narrativas, autobiográficas e literárias têm sido adotadas pelos pesquisadores dessa abordagem, de modo a provar significativa renovação procedimental na disciplina. Considera-se que geografias culturais mais-que-humanas contribuem para expandir os limites do olhar geográfico sobre espaços existenciais e multi-espécies.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/raega.v54i0.77229