Impactos da agricultura de tabaco na saúde humana e na poluição da água em Chapadão do Lageado, Santa Catarina, Brasil

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5380/dma.v66i.95456

Palavras-chave:

tabaco, agroquímicos, doença da folha verde, sintomas de toxidade

Resumo

O Brasil é o segundo maior produtor de tabaco. No presente estudo investigaram-se os agrotóxicos utilizados, sua presença nos recursos hídricos do Chapadão do Lageado (Santa Catarina, Brasil) e a associação entre produção de tabaco e saúde dos agricultores. Utilizou-se cromatografia líquida-espectrometria de massa em tandem para determinar e quantificar resíduos de agrotóxicos em amostras de água de rios e poços. A manipulação de pesticidas e do tabaco têm consequências negativas, mesmo usando medidas preventivas. Dentre os 107 fumicultores entrevistados, 91,6% relataram sintomas relacionados à doença da folha verde do tabaco e 19,6% relataram sintomas decorrentes da manipulação de agrotóxicos. Cerca de 40% das amostras de água de poço apresentaram resíduos de imidacloprida, sulfentrazona, tiametoxam e iprodiona. Nas amostras de água de rios, mais de 70% apresentaram resíduos dos mesmos agrotóxicos identificados em águas de poços, mais clomazone. As suas práticas de produção e manejo ameaçam a saúde humana e ambiental. A situação torna-se alarmante já que os efeitos nocivos da exposição às folhas verdes do tabaco intensificam os problemas de saúde dos produtores. É necessária uma reflexão crítica sobre políticas, abordagens e ferramentas para enfrentar essas complexas situações de risco de saúde pública nos territórios onde o cultivo do tabaco é uma das principais atividades econômicas.

Biografia do Autor

Giane Carla Kopper Müller, Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB)

 Pós-graduação em engenharia Ambiental.  Atua na Rizoma Equipamentos e Soluções e no campo educacional como professora de graduação, pós-graduação e formação continuada, nas áreas de educação e meio ambiente.   

Maria Pilar Serbent, Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB)

Doutora em Engenharia Ambiental pela Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB). Mestre em Engenharia Ambiental pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). Bióloga e Professora de Ciências Biológicas pela Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Pesquisadora do Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Professora permanente do Programa de Posgraduação em Ciências Ambientais na Universidade Estadual de Santa Catarina (UDESC). 

Thiago Caique Alves, Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB)

Bacharel em Química pela Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Mestre em Engenharia Ambiental e doutor em Engenharia Ambiental pela mesma instituição na modalidade sanduíche, realizando parte da pesquisa no Instituto Catalão de Pesquisa em Água (ICRA), este, vinculado a Universidade de Girona, Espanha. Tem experiência com análises Físico-Químicas Clássicas, Absorção Atômica, Cromatografia Gasosa, Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência, Cromatografia Iônica e Espectrofotometria de Infra-vermelho assim como espectrometria de massas e diversas técnicas de preparo e abertura de amostra.

Lorena Benathar Ballod Tavares, Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB)

Doutorado em Tecnologia Bioquímico-Farmacêutica pela Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil(1998)
Professor aposentado PCV do PPGEA/FURB da Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau.

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2025-07-04

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Müller, G. C. K., Serbent, M. P., Alves, T. C., & Tavares, L. B. B. (2025). Impactos da agricultura de tabaco na saúde humana e na poluição da água em Chapadão do Lageado, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Desenvolvimento E Meio Ambiente, 66, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.5380/dma.v66i.95456

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