CATEQUISTS OF INDIANS, EDUCATORS OF COLONISTS, SOLDIERS OF CHRIST: TEACHERS EDUCATION AND JESUITICAL PEDAGOGICAL ACTION IN BRAZIL: 1549 - 1759, ACCORDING TO RATIO STUDIORUM

Abstract

Abstract The presence of the Jesuits in Brazil, from 1549 to 1759, has indelibly marked our education and our teaching practice. The Ratio Studiorum, a compendium of rules of how to teach, and learn how to administer an educational institution, was responsible for building a true system of education in the country, because not only homogenize the educational practice, as established a unique method of teaching learning. The main objective of the research report which presented in the form of article was to critically analyze the Ratio Studiorum of 1599, the English edition of 1870, and its impact on teacher education by the Jesuits in Brazil, as well as find traces of the practice the Ignatian pedagogical and its influence on society in the period studied. To this end, we dialogue with the historiography that had access, in particular LEITE (1938), LACOUTURE (1994), FRANCA (1952), SCHMIT (1994), among others, and documentary sources of support, primarily using the critical hermeneutics to the analysis, interpretation and critical analysis of data collected, up to some findings, like the fact that the pedagogical action of the Jesuits was incorporated in the teaching practice in Brazil, marking it indelibly. The research also showed that education was chosen as the preferred option taken by the Society of Jesus, since its inception, and how education, based on the Ratio, the theoretical base  the Aristotelian Thomism, helped shape in the brazilian society the culture luso-european, based on order, discipline, obedience, authority, respect hierarchical rules.