Extreme neutrophilic leucocytosis associated with intestinal sarcoma in a dog

Abstract

An eleven-year-old Poodle was carried to the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) with a six-month history of weight loss and hiporexia. On physical examination the dog shows afebrile and had pale mucous membranes. Routine haematological examination revealed anemia, leucocytosis, marked mature neutrophilia left shift (101,200 cell/µL; 87,032 segmented/µL; 4,048 band//µL). Examination of bone marrow to the smears confirmed a marked leukemoid response, indicating myeloid hyperplasia without evidence of leukemia. Imagery showed a presence of a 3,43 cm diameter mass in the piloro-duodenal segment. The mass was surgically removed. Histologically, it revealed a malignancy suggestive of sarcoma. Post-operatively, the dogs appetite improved. On re- evaluation, routine haematology revealed a reduction in the mature and band neutrophils count (6,348 neutrophils/µL; 0 band/µL). This report describes a case of paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction with resolution of the abnormality following removal of the neoplasm.