Approaching the criminal system through Roberto Esposito
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/rfdufpr.v63i3.60497Keywords:
Roberto Esposito. Criminal system. Immunization. Community. Restorative justice.Abstract
This essay suggests as fruitful an approach to the criminal system through the work of Roberto Esposito, especially by using two recurring concepts of the Italian philosopher’s thinking: immunization and community. At first, it demonstrates the proximity between punishment and the immunitary logic. By using the appropriation mechanism, the political community internalizes what it wishes to be protected from, operating through negativities. The harmful element of punishment allocates violence in a controlled space, creating a form of mediation for the protection of what is common. This strategy creates the perennial risk of self-destruction in the form of autoimmune crisis. Then, as a warning to the promising writings about restorative practices, this essay points at the danger of essentializing the notion of community. According to Roberto Esposito, perceiving the meaning of community demands a departure from the modern political-philosophical lexicon. Otherwise, the concept of community itself would be perverted.
References
ACHUTTI, Daniel. Abolicionismo penal e justiça restaurativa: do idealismo ao realismo político criminal. Revista Direitos e Garantias Fundamentais, Vitória, v. 15, n. 1, p. 33-69, jan./jun. 2014.
ALMEIDA, Vera Ribeiro de. Transação penal e penas alternativas: uma pesquisa empírica em Juizados Especiais Criminais no Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro: Lumen Juris, 2014.
ARENDT, Hannah. Lectures on Kant’s political philosophy. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992.
BOONIN, David. The problem of punishment. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
BORGES, Clara Maria Roman; BORTOLOZZI JR., Flavio. Uma crítica foucaultiana à criminalização do feminicídio: reflexões sobre um direito pós-identitário para a diminuição da violência de gênero. Revista da Faculdade de Direito UFPR, Curitiba, PR, Brasil, v. 61, n. 3, p. 323-344, dez. 2016.
BRUBAKER, S. C. Can liberals punish? The American Political Science Review, v. 82, n. 3, p. 821-236, 1988.
BUTLER, Judith. Relatar a si mesmo: crítica da violência ética. Tradução Rogério Bettoni. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, 2015.
CHRISTIE, Niels. Conflicts as Property. British Journal of Criminology, v.17, p. 1-15, 1977.
CLARK, Sherman J. Who do you Think you Are? The Criminal Trial and Community Character. In: The Trial on Trial. Vl. II. Judgement and Calling to Account. Portland: Hart Publishing, 2006, p. 83-98.
CLARKE, Dean H. Justifications for Punishment. Contemporary Crises, v. 6, n. 1, p. 25-77, Jan.-1982.
DUFF, R. A. et al. Introduction. In: The Trial on Trial. Vl. II. Judgement and Calling to Account. Portland: Hart Publishing, 2006, p. 1-14.
DUFF, R. A. Punishment, communication, and community. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
DZUR, Albert W. Participatory Democracy and Criminal Justice. Criminal Law and Philosophy, v. 6, p. 115-129, 2012.
DZUR, Albert W.; MIRCHANDANI, Rekha. Punishment and Democracy. The role of public deliberation, v. 9, n. 2, p. 151-175, 2007.
DZUR, Albert W.; MIRCHANDANI, Rekha. Restorative justice and democracy: fostering public accountability for criminal justice. Contemporary Justice Review, v. 14, n. 4, p. 367-381, 2011.
ESPOSITO, Roberto. Bíos: biopolitics and philosophy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008.
ESPOSITO, Roberto. Communitas: origen y destino de la comunidad. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu, 2012a.
ESPOSITO, Roberto. Comunidad, inmunidad y biopolítica. S. L.: Herder Editorial, 2009.
ESPOSITO, Roberto. Diez pensamientos acerca de la política. S. L.: Fondo de Cultura Económica de España, 2012b.
ESPOSITO, Roberto. Immunitas: The Protection and Negation of Life. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2011.
FEINBERG, Joel. The expressive function of punishment. Monist, 49:3, p. 397-423, Jul.-1965.
FERRAJOLI, Luigi. Derecho y razón. Teoría del garantismo penal. Madrid: Editorial Trotta, 1995.
FOUCAULT, Michel. Em defesa da sociedade. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 1999.
FOUCAULT, Michel. História da Sexualidade I: a vontade de saber. 13. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Graal, 1988.
GARGARELLA, Roberto. Las teorías de la justicia después de Rawls: Un breve manual de filosofía política. Barcelona: Paidós, 1999.
GIAMBERARDINO, André Ribeiro. Crítica da pena e justiça restaurativa: a censura para além da punição. Florianópolis: Empório do Direito Editora, 2015.
HAMPTON, Jean. The Moral Education Theory of Punishment. Philosophy and Public Affairs, v. 13, n. 3, p. 208-238, 1984.
HART, H. L. A. Punishment and Responsibility: essays in the philosophy of law. 2. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
LACEY, Nicola. State punishment: Political principles and community values. London: Routledge, 1988.
LOSANO, Mario. Sistema e estrutura no Direito. V. II. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2010.
MATRAVERS, Matt. Political Neutrality and Punishment. Criminal Law and Philosophy, v. 7, p. 217-230, 2013.
METZ, Thaddeus. How to Reconcile Liberal Politics with Retributive Punishment. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, v. 27, n. 4, p. 683-705, 2007.
MORRIS, Alisson. Criticando os Críticos: Uma Breve Resposta aos Críticos da Justiça Restaurativa. In: BASTOS, Márcio Thomaz; LOPES, Carlos; RENAULT, Sérgio Rabello Tamm (Org.). Justiça Restaurativa: Coletânea de Artigos. Brasília: MJ e PNUD, 2005. Disponível em: https://goo.gl/fhzAVj. Acesso em: 15 nov. 2015.
NALLI, Marcos. Communitas/Immunitas: a releitura de Roberto Esposito da biopolítica. Revista de Filosofia Aurora, v. 25, n. 37, p. 79-105, jul./dez. 2013.
NINO, Carlos Santiago. Los límites de la responsabilidad penal: una teoría liberal del delito. Buenos Aires: Editorial Astrea, 1980.
RESTA, Eligio. Diritto vivente. Bari: Laterza, 2008.
RICOUER, Paul. Justiça e vingança. In: O Justo 2: justiça e verdade e outros estudos. São Paulo: WMF Martins Fontes, 2008, p. 251-260.
ROSENBLATT, Fernanda Fonseca. Um olhar crítico sobre o papel da comunidade nos processos restaurativos. Sistema Penal e violência, v. 6, n. 1, p. 43-61, 2014.
SHAPLAND, J.; ROBINSON, G.; SORSBY, A. Restorative justice in practice. London: Routledge, 2011.
SICA, Leonardo. Justiça restaurativa e mediação penal: o novo modelo
de justiça criminal e de gestão do crime. Rio de Janeiro: Lúmen Juris,
ZEHR, Howard. The little book of Restorative Justice. In: ZEHR, Howard et al. The Big Book on Restorative Justice. Four Classic Justice & Peacebuilding Books in One Volume. New York: Good Books, 2015, p. 1-108.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish in the Journal agree to the following terms:
– Authors retain copyright and grant the Journal the right of first publication, with the work licensed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International licence, allowing the work to be shared as long as proper credit is given to the authors and the initial publication in the Journal is acknowledged;
– Reusers must provide appropriate credit, include a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses the reuser or their use;
– Reusers may not apply additional restrictions, legal terms, or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits;
– Reusers must attribute credit to the creator and allow others to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, exclusively for noncommercial purposes and under the same terms, in compliance with Brazilian Law No. 9,610 of February 19, 1998, and other applicable regulations.
