Efeitos socioeconômicos da pandemia na desigualdade da distribuição da renda no Brasil

Socioeconomic Effects of the Pandemic of the Covid-19 on Income Distribution Inequality in Brazil

Abstract

The objective of the work is to analyze the socioeconomic effects of the pandemic on the distribution of per capita household income and its degree of progressivity in Brazil, the South Region and Paraná, according to different sources of income. The database used was PNADC microdata and the results were obtained through the decomposition of the Gini index. During the period from 2019 to 2022, the Gini index decreased for Paraná and Brazil, for the South Region the Gini index remained practically unchanged during the period. When decomposing the Gini index, it is concluded that private sector income and income from social programs were mainly responsible for the changes in income distribution in the period. There was a decrease in the share of labor income in total income, both for Brazil and the South Region. The share of income from social programs increased, especially in 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic began. It is concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic changed the composition of income in the three spheres analyzed and after two years, the effects of this adverse shock remained.