Extreme neutrophilic leucocytosis associated with intestinal sarcoma in a dog

Abstract

An eleven-year-old Poodle was carried to the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade
Federal do Paraná (UFPR) with a six-month history of weight loss and hiporexia. On physical
examination the dog shows afebrile and had pale mucous membranes. Routine haematological
examination revealed anemia, leucocytosis, marked mature neutrophilia left shift (101,200 cell/µL;
87,032 segmented/µL; 4,048 band//µL). Examination of bone marrow to the smears confirmed a
marked leukemoid response, indicating myeloid hyperplasia without evidence of leukemia. Imagery
showed a presence of a 3,43 cm diameter mass in the piloro-duodenal segment. The mass was
surgically removed. Histologically, it revealed a malignancy suggestive of sarcoma. Post-operatively,
the dogs appetite improved. On re- evaluation, routine haematology revealed a reduction in the
mature and band neutrophils count (6,348 neutrophils/µL; 0 band/µL). This report describes a case
of paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction with resolution of the abnormality following removal of the
neoplasm.