THE SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN IN THE DISCOURSES AT THE UN: A CONTENT ANALYSIS ON THE REGIONAL NATURE OF THE OCEANIC SPACE (1986-2015)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/cg.v8i2.70127Abstract
This research is related to studies about the building of regions, understood here as cognitive constructions linked to political projects and manifested through speeches. Studies in this same theoretical line have already been developed about the South Atlantic Ocean in the past, but always limited to the perspective of Brazilian foreign policy as a potential region-building agent of the South Atlantic region, ignoring the response of other states to the project. Seeking to remedy this gap, the research applied the method of quantitative content analysis to 106 speeches containing citations to the South Atlantic, issued at the General Assembly of the United Nations by states bordered by the South Atlantic. The content of the texts was categorized into five analytical dimensions: (1) geographical delimitation; (2) international or transnational political relations in the territory in question that are described by their actors as regional dynamics; (3) identity factors; (4) nominal citation to other actors and; (5) specific issues treated as relevant to the space in question. The results suggest that ZOPACAS is, in fact, a region-building project for the South Atlantic Ocean, whose period of greatest strength took place between 1986 and 1994, losing steam until 1998 and falling into ostracism since then. Although the revival of the initiative in 2007 signaled a potential renaissance of a South-Atlantic region-building project, it seems that the common oceanic space continues to be mostly interpreted as a mere area of interaction between the regions of South America and West Africa.
Keywords: South Atlantic; ZOPACAS; Region-Building
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