Associação das abelhas silvestres (Hym., Apoidea) visitantes das flores de Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae), na Ilha de Santa Catarina (sul do Brasil)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/abpr.v32i0.621Palavras-chave:
Anacardiaceae, Schinus, abelhas-silvestres, declíneo-de-polinizadores, restinga, Apoidea, pollinators-decline, sandy bank, urbanization, le-déclin-de-espèce-d'abeille, urbanisationResumo
As abelhas silvestres, incluindo as espécies solitárias e sociais, são os visitantes florais mais freqüentes, constituindo-se nos mais importantes polinizadores de plantas entomófilas tropicais. Estuda- se a melissofauna associada às flores de Schinus terebinthifolius em ambientes de restinga e urbano. Objetiva-se detectar os efeitos da urbanização sobre a abundância e diversidade dos visitantes florais dessa espécie. O estudo foi em Florianópolis (sul do Brasil), entre outubro e novembro de 2002 e março de 2003. Entre 317 indivíduos, Halictidae, predominou (n=259). Das 20 espécies levantadas, às mais abundantes e freqüentes em ambos os anos e sexos florais foram: Thectochlora alaris; Dialictus (Chloralictus) opacus e Augochloropsis cupreola, e foram consideradas os efetivos polinizadores das flores de S. terebinthifolius, nas áreas estudadas. O predomínio de um número superior de espécies (n = 17) e de indivíduos visitantes (n = 297) na área com vegetação natural apontam para um possível declínio da melissofauna na área alterada, demonstrando o impacto negativo da urbanização sobre suas populações.
ABSTRACT
Wild bees, including solitary and social species, are the most frequent flower visitors, and more important pollinators of tropical species of plants. In this paper, the melissofauna associated with the flowers of Schinus terebinthifolius in "restinga" (sandbank) and urban environments is studied. The objective is to detect the effects of urbanization on diversity and abundance of flower visitors of this species of plant. The study was at Florianópolis (southern Brazil), from October to November 2002 and March 2003. Among 317 individuals, Halictidae, predominated (n=259). Of the twenty collected species, the more abundant and frequent are: Thectochlora alaris; Dialictus (Chloralictus) opacus and Augochloropsis cupreola, which were considered as efectives pollinators of the S. terebinthifolius flowers, in the study areas.The predominance of a high number of species (n = 17) and of visiting individuals (n = 297) in the natural vegetation area pointed to a possible decline in the melissofauna in the disturbed area, therefore showing a negative impact of urbanization on the bee populations an diversity.
RÉSUMÉ
Les abeilles sauvages (Apoidea) comprennent l'espèces solitaires et sociales et ils sont les visiteurs floraux plus fréquents et les vecteurs du pollen plus importants de les plantes tropiales. L'objectif principal de cette étude était il de contribuer avec la connaissance du melissofaune des environnements du banc de sable et urbain associé avec les fleurs de le Schinus terebinthifolius et démontrer les effets de l'urbanisation sur l'abondance et la diversité de ces visiteurs floraux. Les études ont été développéss dans Florianópolis (sud du Brésil), entre octobre et novembre de 2002 et mars de 2003. Troiscents et dix-sept abeilles ont été rassemblées et la famille plus abondante est Halictidae (n=259 individus). De les vingt espèces capturés, la plus abondant et fréquente dans les années et les sexes floraux était: Thectochlora alaris; Dialictus (Chloralictus) opacus et Augochloropsis cupreola. Et probablement ce sont aussi les plus importants vecteurs du pollen pour les fleurs de Schinus terebinthifolius. La prédominance dans nombre d'espèce (n=17) et d'individus (n=297) dans la région avec végétation naturelle pointe pour un possible déclin du melissofauna dans la région changée et démontre l'impact négatif de l'urbanisation sur les populations et la diversité.
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