Evaluation of citraturia and calcium/citrate ratio in nephrolithiasis patients. The continuous versus interval saga
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/rmu.v2i4.43286Palavras-chave:
Nephrolitiasis, Calciuria, CitraturiaResumo
Introduction: Despite the progress in the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis, the individual risk assessment of formation and recurrence of kidney stones by measuring risk factors in 24-hour urine is often difficult. Our objective was to evaluate urinary risk factors associated with nephrolithiasis, particularly citraturia and the calcium/citrate ratio in recurrent kidney stones formers and in subjects without nephrolithiasis.
Methods: 103 kidney stone formers (30 men and 73 women) and 32 non-stone subjects (11 men and 21 women) were retrospective studied. Clinical and laboratory data were collected from every subject.
Results: There was no difference in age between the groups (44.4±11.8 years and 43.3±17 years). In urine, volume, calcium (189.6±98.7 vs. 150.7±107.3, p=0.029), sodium and oxalate (33.7±28.2 vs. 22.2±15.3, p=0.041) were higher in kidney stones when compared to control subjects. Urinary excretion of uric acid and citrate was similar in both groups, with no significant differences. For the cohort of stone formers patients, but not for healthy subjects, there was a positive correlation between calcium and citrate excretion in urine (r=0.41, p<0.001). When utilizing the calcium/citrate ratio to differentiate stone and non-stone formers subjects, we could not find any difference.
Conclusion: For the kidney stone formers, the assessment of risk factors by 24-hour urine needs to be categorized as continuous and not as interval variables. Prospective studies are necessary to determine the normal range of daily citraturia and to evaluate the role of isolated hypocitraturia in the incidence, prevalence and clinical course of kidney stone formationReferências
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