Methodological proposal for evaluating the transformation of urban microclimate in medium-sized cities: a case study in the urban mesh of the municipality of Paracatu, Minas Gerais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/raega.v57i0.88156Palavras-chave:
Clima urbano. Sensoriamento Remoto (SR), Gestão territorial, Expansão urbanaResumo
This work aims to propose a methodological proposal for areas evaluated with potential for the formation of Urban Heat Islands (UHI). Satellite images were used to control surface temperature (Land Surface Temperature - LST) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the study area. They were also employed in the Annual Mapping of Land Cover and Land Use in Brazil. The city of Paracatu, Minas Gerais (MG) was chosen for application and validation of the proposed method. Images from LANDSAT-5 and 8 satellites were used, which initially underwent resampling and pixel standardization. Subsequently, LST and NDVI calculations were applied, and these data were compared with use and occupation. In general, it was possible to notice that, in the urban area of Paracatu, there was an increase in the average, minimum and maximum LST. The same space-spectral behavior occurred for the NDVI index, which are related to Land Use and Occupancy Changes (LULC). In relation to areas with potential formation of UHI, it was noted that, in the interval of 14 years, they tripled in the city, making it possible to relate the situation with urban expansion and the presence of new subdivisions in peripheral areas. It was also noted that areas with mitigation potential for UHIs were not planned, especially in the most populous neighborhood of the municipality. The results obtained were satisfactory and the proposed methodology can serve as a basis for municipal decision makers in relation to measures to mitigate urban microclimate.
Referências
ALBUQUERQUE, M. M.; LOPES, W. G. R. Influência da vegetação em variáveis climáticas: estudo em bairros da cidade de Teresina, Piauí. Raega-O Espaço Geográfico em Análise, v. 36, p. 38-68, 2016.
ALDOUSARI, A.E.; KAFY, A.A.; SAHA, M.; FATTAH, M.A.; ALMULHIM, A.I.; FAISAL, A.A.; RAKIB, A.A.; JAHIR,
D.M.A.; RAHAMAN, Z.A.; BAKSHI, A.; SHAHRIER, M.; RAHMAN, M. Modelling the impacts of land use/land cover changing pattern on urban thermal characteristics in Kuwait. Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 86, p. 104107, 2022.
ARNFIELD, A. J. Two decades of urban climate research: a review of turbulence, exchanges of energy and water, and the urban heat island. International Journal of Climatology, v. 23, n. 01, p. 1-26, 2003.
CHAN, E. Y. Y.; GOGGINS, W. B.; KIM, J. J.; GRIFFITHS, S. M. A study of intracity variation of temperature- related mortality and socioeconomic status among the Chinese population in Hong Kong. J Epidemiol Community Health, v. 66, n. 4, p. 322-327, 2012.
CHOWDHURY, T. A.; ISLAM, M. S. Assessing and Simulating Impacts of Land Use Land Cover Changes on Land Surface Temperature in Mymensingh City, Bangladesh. Environment and Natural Resources Journal, v. 20, n. 2, p. 110-128, 2022.
ESRI - Environmental Systems Research Institute. ArcGis 10.5. Redlands. 2022. Availale: < https://www.esri.com/en-us/arcgis/products/arcgis-pro/overview>. Accessed: 25 september 2022.
FLOYD, A. C.; RUTH, A. E. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Assessment of Vegetation Around Oben Gas Flow Station, Edo State, Nigeria. Gas, v. 4, n. 1, p. 311-321, 2022.
GAMEIRO, S.; TEIXEIRA, C.P.B.; SILVA NETO, T.A.; LOPES, M.F.L.; DUARTE, C.R.; SOUTO, M.V.S.; ZIMBACK, C.R.L.
Avaliação da cobertura vegetal por meio de índices de vegetação (NDVI, SAVI e IAF) na Sub-Bacia Hidrográfica do Baixo Jaguaribe, CE. Revista Terræ, Campinas, v. 13, p. 15-22, 2016.
GUHA, S.; GOVIL, H. Seasonal variability of LST-NDVI correlation on different land use/land cover using Landsat satellite sensor: a case study of Raipur City, India. Environment, Development and Sustainability, v. 24, p. 8823-8839, 2022.
HE, W.; ZHANG, L.; YUAN, C. Future air temperature projection in high-density tropical cities based on global climate change and urbanization–a study in Singapore. Urban Climate, v. 42, p. 101115, 2022.
HUA, L.; ZHANG, X.; NIE, Q.; SUN, F. The impacts of the expansion of urban impervious surfaces on urban heat islands in a coastal city in China. Sustainability, v. 12, n. 2, p. 475, 2020.
HUA, Y.; QIU, Y.; TAN, X. The effects of temperature on mental health: evidence from China. Journal of Population Economics, v. 36, n. 3, p. 1293-1332, 2023.
IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia. 2022. Cidades e Estados: Paracatu. Availale: <https://www.ibge.gov.br/cidades-e-estados/mg/paracatu.html>. Accessed: 25 september 2022.
INMET - Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. 2022. Normais Climatológicas. Availale: <https://portal.inmet.gov.br/normais>. Accessed: 25 september 2022.
IPCC - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2022. Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Availale: <https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/>. Accessed: 25 september 2022.
KARAKUŞ, C. B. The impact of land use/land cover (LULC) changes on land surface temperature in Sivas City Center and its surroundings and assessment of Urban Heat Island. Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, v. 55, n. 4, p. 669-684, 2019.
KAUR, R.; PANDEY, P. A. Review on spectral indices for built-up area extraction using remote sensing technology. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, v. 15, p. 1-22, 2022.
LEAL FILHO, W.; ICAZA, L. E.; EMANCHE, V. O.; AL-AMIN, A. Q. An evidence-based review of impacts, strategies and tools to mitigate urban heat islands. International journal of environmental research and public health, v. 14, n. 12, p. 1600, 2017.
LEE, K.; KIM, Y.; SUNG, H. C.; KIM, S. H.; JEON, S. W. Surface urban heat island in South Korea’s new towns with different urban planning. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 194, p. 1-18, 2022.
LIMA, C. 2019. Paracatuzinho: Passado e presente. Availale: < https://paracatumemoria.wordpress.com/2019/02/07/paracatuzinho-passado-e-presente/>. Accessed: 25
september 2022.
MAPBIOMAS. 2022. Mapas das Coleções. Availale: <https://mapbiomas.org/download>. Accessed: 25 september 2022.
MATHEW, A.; SARWESH, P.; KHANDELWAL, S. Investigating the contrast diurnal relationship of land surface temperatures with various surface parameters represent vegetation, soil, water, and urbanization over Ahmedabad city in India. Energy Nexus, v. 5, p. 100044, 2022.
MOISA, M. B.; DEJENE, I. N.; GEMEDA, D. O. Geospatial technology–based analysis of land use land cover dynamics and its effects on land surface temperature in Guder River sub-basin, Abay Basin, Ethiopia. Applied Geomatics, v. 14, p. 451-463, 2022.
MONTEIRO, C. A. de F. Teoria e Clima Urbano. São Paulo, SP: IGEOG/USP (Série Teses e Monografias, 25), 1976.
MURTINOVÁ, V.; GALLAY, I.; OLAH, B. Mitigating Effect of Urban Green Spaces on Surface Urban Heat Island during Summer Period on an Example of a Medium Size Town of Zvolen, Slovakia. Remote Sensing, v. 14, n. 18, p. 4492, 2022.
NUNES, G.; GIGLIO, T. Effects of climate change in the thermal and energy performance of low-income housing in Brazil - assessing design variable sensitivity over the 21st century. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, v. 168, p. 112885, 2022.
OKE, T. R. Boundary Layer Climates. New York: Methuem & Ltd. A. Halsted Press Book, John Wiley & Sons, 1978.
PANNO, A.; CARRUS, G.; LAFORTEZZA, R.; MARIANI, L.; SANESI, G. Nature-based solutions to promote human resilience and wellbeing in cities during increasingly hot summers. Environmental research, v. 159, p. 249-256, 2017.
PAVÃO, V. M.; NASSARDEN, D. C. S.; PAVÃO, L. L.; MACHADO, N. G.; BIUDES, M. S. Impacto da Conversão da
Cobertura Natural em Pastagem e Área Urbana sobre Variáveis Biofísicas no Sul do Amazonas. Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia, v. 32, p. 343-351, 2017.
QGIS – Q Geographic Information System. 2021. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Availale: <http://www.qgis.org>. Accessed: 25 september 2022.
REZENDE, P.S. Metodologia para avaliação da vulnerabilidade socioambiental: estudo da cidade de Paracatu (MG). 2016. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Humanas) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia (MG).
SANTOS, A. P.; SANTIL, F. L. de P.; CARBONE, S.; SILVA, C. R. The influence of urban and mineral expansion on surface temperature variation. Acta Scientiarum. Technology, v. 45, n. 1, p. e60114, 2022.
SHEN, X.; LIU, Y.; LIU, B.; ZHANG, J.; WANG, L.; LU, X.; JIANG, M. Effect of shrub encroachment on land surface temperature in semi-arid areas of temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 320, p. 108943, 2022.
SILVA, G. I.; LUCENA, R. L.; JÚNIOR, J. B. C.; SOUZA, S. F. F. Influência da arborização na modificação microclimática em cidades de pequeno porte do Semiárido brasileiro: o estudo de caso de Caicó. Revista Geografica Academica, v. 14, n. 1, p. 94-105, 2020.
SILVA, L. H. G.; PIMENTEL, R. M. DE M. Estrutura morfológica foliar da arborização urbana na manutenção do conforto térmico. Journal of Environmental Analysis and Progress, v. 4, n. 1, p. 104–109, 2019.
SINGH, P.; CHAUDHURI, A. S.; VERMA, P.; SINGH, V. K.; MEENAS. R. Earth observation data sets in monitoring of urbanization and urban heat island of Delhi, India. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, v. 13, p. 1762-1779, 2022.
SONG, J.; CHEN, W.; ZHANG, J.; HUANG, K.; HOU, B.; PRISHCHEPOV, A. V. Effects of building density on land surface temperature in China: Spatial patterns and determinants. Landscape and Urban Planning, v. 198, p. 103794, 2020.
UDELSMANN, C. R. Where is the State Missing? Addressing Urban Climate Change at the Margins in Luanda and Maputo. In: Urban Forum. Springer Netherlands, v. 33, p. 35-49, 2022.
USGS - United States Geological Survey. 2022. Earth Explorer. Availale: <https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/>. Accessed: 25 september 2022.
WANG, Z. Reconceptualizing urban heat island: Beyond the urban-rural dichotomy. Sustainable Cities and Society, v. 77, p. 103581, 2022.
XIONG, L.; LI, S.; ZOU, B.; PENG, F.; FANG, X.; XUE, Y. Long Time-Series Urban Heat Island Monitoring and Driving Factors Analysis Using Remote Sensing and Geodetector. Frontiers in Environmental Science, v. 9, n. 828230, p. 1-14, 2022.
YANG, C.; YAN, F.; ZHANG, S. Comparison of land surface and air temperatures for quantifying summer and winter urban heat island in a snow climate city. Journal of environmental management, v. 265, p. 110563, 2020.
ZHAO, L.; OPPENHEIMER, M.; ZHU, Q.; BALDWIN, J. W.; EBI, K. L.; BOU-ZEID, E.; GUAN, K.; LIU, X. Interactions between urban heat islands and heat waves. Environmental research letters, v. 13, n. 3, p. 034003, 2018.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Declaro que o ARTIGO submetido é INÉDITO, ORIGINAL e de MINHA RESPONSABILIDADE. Declaro que o artigo não foi submetido ou está em avaliação em outra revista/periódico.
Estou ciente dos itens presentes na LEI Nº 9.610/98 (DIREITOS AUTORAIS) e me responsabilizo por quaisquer problemas relacionados a PLÁGIO.
Estou ciente de que o artigo submetido poderá ser removido da Revista, caso se observe A QUALQUER TEMPO que ele se encontra publicado integralmente ou em parte em outro PERIÓDICO científico.
Declaro, COMO PRIMEIRO AUTOR, que os demais autores do trabalho estão cientes desta submissão e de que NÃO receberão qualquer tipo de remuneração pela divulgação do trabalho.
Como primeiro autor, autorizo, de antemão, a RA’E GA - O Espaço Geográfico em Análise(ISSN 2177-2738), a publicar o artigo, caso aceito.
