VALIDAÇÃO DE MÉTODOS NÃO DESTRUTIVOS PARA CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA MADEIRA PARA FABRICAÇÃO DE EMBALAGEM AUTOMOTIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/biofix.v11i1.100779Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the quality of eucalyptus and pine wood used in the pallet manufacturing process, using the static bending destructive test performed on a Universal Testing Machine (EMIC) as a reference. For comparison purposes, non-destructive tests—Stress-Grade Machine and Stress Wave Timer—were applied. The physical properties, specific gravity, and moisture content of the samples were also analyzed. The comparative approach allowed for assessing the reliability of the non-destructive methods in relation to the destructive test, highlighting their potential for the efficient evaluation of Pinus and Eucalyptus wood.
References
ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. NBR 7190: Projetos de estruturas de madeira. Rio de Janeiro: Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, 2022. 81 p.
CENTER FOR PACKAGING AND UNIT LOAD DESIGN. FAQs – Wood Moisture Content and Packaging Performance. Virginia Tech – Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, 2023. Disponível em: https://www.unitload.vt.edu/education/faqs. Acesso em: 5 ago. 2025.
DINWOODIE, J.M. Timber: its nature and behaviour. E & FN Spon, London. 2000.
GABRIEL, M.S.C.; Ballarin, A.W. 2001. Mechanical characterization of Pinus taeda wet wood by stress wave non-destructive method. Energia na Agricultura, 16: 8-16.
HILLIS, W. H.; BROWN, A. G. Eucalyptus for wood production. Melbourne: CSIRO, 1984. 434 p.
INDÚSTRIA BRASILEIRA DE ÁRVORES (IBÁ). Relatório Anual 2024, 2024. Disponível em <https://iba.org/datafiles/publicacoes/relatorios/relatorio2024.pdf>. Acesso em: 08 ago 2025.
IAWA Committee. List of microscopic features for hardwood identification. IAWA Bulletin, v.10, n.3, p.221-359, 1989.
JONES, A.; CAI, Y. C.; KAMASAK, R. Examining sustainable packaging designs in the automotive industry: a case study of a luxury car manufacturer. Strategies for environmentally responsible supply chain and production management. IGI Global
MAPA - Ministério de agricultura pecuária e abastecimento. Manual com procedimentos para tratamentos fitossanitários com fins quarentenários. 2006. 68 pg.
MESSIAS, A. M. K. Estudo de mercado do setor de embalagens de madeira. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Curso de Engenharia Industrial Madeireira, do Setor de Ciências Agrárias, da Universidade Federal do Paraná 2015, 49p.
NOWAK, T. P.; PATALAS, F; KAROLAK, A. Estimating mechanical properties of wood in existing structures—selected aspects. Materials, v. 14, n. 8, art. 1941, 13 abr. 2021. DOI: 10.3390/ma14081941
R CORE TEAM. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2024. Disponível em: https://www.R-project.org. Acesso em: 8 ago. 2025.
SILVA, N.; PÅLSSON, H. Industrial packaging and its impact on sustainability and circular economy: A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 333, art. 130165, p. 1–—, 20 jan. 2022. Disponível em: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652621043304. Acesso em: 5 ago. 2025. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130165
VIVIAN, M. A. et al. Estimativa da resistência e rigidez da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis por meio de onda ultrassonora. Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira, v. 32, n. 69, p. 109-109, 2012.
ZOBEL, B. J.; RHODES, R. R. Relationship of wood specific gravity in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to growth and environmental factors. College Station, Tex.: Texas Forest Service, 1955. 32 p. (Technical report, no. 11).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Calline Chaves de Jesus, Douglas Edson Carvalho, Beatriz Alves Lins, Ricardo Jorge Klitzke, Mauro Vitor Greco Tavora

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors maintain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC Attribution 4.0) that allows the sharing of work with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are authorized to take additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg publish in institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase the impact and citation of the published work.



















