Economia do Desenvolvimento: das abordagens tradicionais aos novos conceitos de desenvolvimento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5380/re.v38i2.29899Keywords:
desenvolvimento econômico, teoria do desenvolvimento.Abstract
A Economia do Desenvolvimento centra a sua análise nos problemas próprios de uma vasta periferia de países menos desenvolvidos. Neste artigo procurámos produzir um survey conciso das principais abordagens que formam o corpo teórico dessa disciplina quanto aos problemas do desenvolvimento, sistematizando-as em quatro vertentes centrais: (i) teorias da modernização;(ii) teorias da dependência; (iii) teoria do sistema-mundo; (iv) contra-revolução neoclássica. Adicionalmente, debatemos os novos conceitos de desenvolvimento que têm emergido nas últimas décadas e que têm permitido alargar a amplitude associadaao conceito de desenvolvimento econômico, enquadrando-os nas agregações conceptuais de desenvolvimento sustentável, local e humano.Abstract: Development economics centers its analysis on the specific problems of a vast periphery of less developed countries. We survey the central elements that characterize four important theoretical bodies in Development Economics,namely: (i) modernization theories; (ii) dependency theories; (iii) world-system theory; (iv) neoclassical counter-revolution. After that, we analyze some of the new concepts of development - human, local and sustainable development - emphasizing their contribution to a more adequate understanding of the complex and multidimensional phenomenon of development.
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