O USO DA CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE COPA DE DAWKINS COMO INDICADOR DO COMPORTAMENTO ECOLÓGICO DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS TROPICAIS - Gonçalves, Delman de Almeida; Schwartz, Gustavo; Pokorny, Benno; van Eldik, Tim (Floresta, 2010)
<!--[if gte mso 9]> Normal 0 21 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]> <![endif]--><!--[if !mso]> <mce:style><! st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } --> <!--[endif] --> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin-top:6.0pt; margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:0cm; margin-left:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} --> <!--[endif] --> <!--[if gte mso 9]> Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]> <![endif]--><!--[if !mso]> <mce:style><! st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } --> <!--[endif] --><!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif] --> <!--[if gte mso 9]> Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]> <![endif]--><!--[if !mso]> <mce:style><! st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } --> <!--[endif] --><!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} --> <!--[if gte mso 9]> Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} --> <!--[endif] --> O conhecimento do comportamento ecológico de espécies arbóreas de florestas tropicais contribui para a eficiência e aumento da qualidade do manejo florestal. Desse modo, torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento de métodos práticos e eficientes para a classificação ecológica de diferentes espécies de árvores, que possam ser utilizados em levantamentos de curto prazo. Este trabalho analisou o comportamento ecológico quanto ao gradiente de tolerância à sombra, usando o método de Dawkins de classificação da posição e forma da copa, e relacionando esses dados com a fase de desenvolvimento do indivíduo, estimada através da medição do diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP). O estudo foi realizado na área de manejo da empresa Precious Woods Pará (Portel, PA, Brasil), em oito parcelas permanentes de 0,5 ha. Cinco espécies, com diferentes exigências de radiação solar direta, foram analisadas: matamatá-preto (Eschweilera blanchetiana [O. Berg] Miers, Lecythidaceae), maçaranduba (Manilkara huberi (Ducke) Chevalier, Sapotaceae), acapu (Vouacapoua americana Aubl., Fabaceae), andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl., Meliaceae) e taxi-preto (Tachigalia myrmecophyla (Ducke) Ducke, Fabaceae). Os resultados encontrados, exceto para maçaranduba, corroboram as informações ecológicas disponíveis na literatura sobre essas espécies, apontando a eficiência do método para essa finalidade. Palavras-chave: Ecologia florestal; monitoramento florestal; manejo florestal; Amazônia. Abstract The Dawkins’ crown classification as an indicator of the ecological behavior of tropical tree species. The knowledge about ecological behavior of tree species in tropical forests contributes for the efficiency and quality improvement of forest management. Thus, it makes necessary the development of practical and efficient methods for the ecological classification of different tree species, which can be used in short term surveys. This paper analyzed the ecological behavior as regards to the gradient of shade tolerance, using the Dawkins classification method for crown position and form, and relating these data with the individual developmental phase, which was estimated by the diameter breast height (DBH) measurement. The study was carried out in the management area of Precious Woods Pará company (Portel, PA, Brazil) in eight permanent sample plots of 0.5ha. Five species having different demand for direct solar radiation were analyzed: matamatá preto (Eschweilera blanchetiana [O. Berg] Miers, Lecythidaceae); maçaranduba (Manilkara huberi (Ducke) Chevalier, Sapotaceae); acapú (Vouacapoua americana Aubl., Fabaceae); andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl., Meliaceae); and taxi-preto (Tachigalia myrmecophyla (Ducke) Ducke, Fabaceae). The founded results, excepted for maçaranduba, corroborate the available ecological information about these species in literature, which indicates the method efficiency for this purpose. Keywords: Forest ecology; forest monitoring; forest management; Amazon.